ASTM F1291

ASTM F1291

Standard Test Method for Measuring the Thermal Insulation of Clothing Using a Heated Manikin

This test method can be used to quantify and compare the insulation provided by different clothing systems. The effects of garment layering, closure, and fit can be measured for clothing ensembles. The insulation values for ensembles can be used in models that predict the physiological responses of people in different environmental conditions.


This test method quantifies and compares the insulation provided by different clothing systems, evaluating factors such as garment design, fabric, layering, closures, and fit. It measures resistance to dry heat transfer from a heated manikin to a calm, cool environment.  Thermal insulation values from local, regional, and whole-body can be computed in SI or clo units.

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